Outside text, tests fill up fast and almost nobody checks the numbers independently
Vision, generation, voice, robotics and driving all repeat one arc: first tests saturate, arenas take over, and real-world, independent evaluation stays thin.
- spread of the top ten on Arena's vision board
- 16 Elo
- of text-mode success kept by voice agents
- 30–45%
- LIBERO robot scores under small changes
- >90% → 0%
- deepfake detector AUC on real 2024 fakes
- −45 to −50%
- maximum GenEval judge error against humans
- 17.7%
5 November 2026 · 11 min read · Dotted terms are in the glossary
On this page
Key findings
- Old vision tests have saturated. DocVQA, ChartQA, OCRBench v1 and MathVista all scored 85–97% by November 2025.[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Harder successors such as MMMU-Pro and ScreenSpot-Pro reached about 85–93% by November 2026 (aggregator).[2][2] BenchLM, MMMU-Pro Secondary[3][3] BenchLM, CharXiv Secondary[17][17] BenchLM, ScreenSpot-Pro Secondary
- The vision arena can no longer rank the frontier. On 19 October 2026, the top ten models on Arena's vision board sat within 16 Elo points, with overlapping intervals.[4][4] Arena, vision leaderboard Primary
- Automatic image judges drift away from people. GenEval's judge erred by up to 17.7% against human judgment, so blind human votes now rank generation (Dec 2025).[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary
- The two video arenas disagree. Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash leads Arena's text-to-video board but ranks tenth on Artificial Analysis (Sep–Nov 2026).[6][6] Arena, text-to-video leaderboard Primary[7][7] Artificial Analysis, text-to-video leaderboard Primary
- Deepfake detectors fail in the wild. On real 2024 deepfakes, open-source detectors lost 45–50% of their AUC against academic benchmarks (Mar 2025).[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary
- Speech reasoning is solved, but voice agents are not. The top model scores 99.7% on Big Bench Audio (Nov 2026).[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary In the τ-voice paper, voice agents kept only 30–45% of their text-mode task success (2026).[10][10] τ-voice, arXiv 2603.13686 Primary
- The Open ASR Leaderboard shows how to resist benchmark gaming. It dropped LibriSpeech from its default average on 2 November 2026 and now leans on private data and a "benchmark fitting" check.[11][11] Open ASR Leaderboard, init.py (version log) Primary[50][50] Open ASR Leaderboard, constants.py Primary[51][51] Open ASR Leaderboard, app.py Primary
- Robot scores collapse under small changes. LIBERO scores above 90% fell to 0–30% when objects, cameras or instructions shifted (Oct 2025).[12][12] LIBERO-PRO, arXiv 2510.03827 Primary[13][13] LIBERO-Plus, arXiv 2510.13626 Primary Labs mostly grade themselves on private task suites.
- Driving evaluation moved to pseudo-simulation. The CARLA Leaderboard closed for good, and NAVSIM v2 is now the main public benchmark (2025–2026).[14][14] CARLA Autonomous Driving Leaderboard Primary[15][15] NAVSIM v2 pseudo-simulation, arXiv 2506.04218 Primary
- Classic ML has a mature, regulator-written method that stops at generative AI. SR 26-2 replaced SR 11-7 on 17 April 2026 and excludes generative and agentic AI.[18][18] Federal Reserve, SR 26-2 attachment Primary[101][101] Federal Reserve, SR 26-2 Primary
Every modality follows the same arc, from saturated tests to thin independent checks
AI now sees, draws, speaks, listens, drives and moves robots. Each modality has its own tests, arenas and failure modes, but the story repeats.
First-generation tests saturate within one or two model generations. Vision "Pro" tests, GUI grounding and speech reasoning all neared their ceilings within 12–24 months.[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary[17][17] BenchLM, ScreenSpot-Pro Secondary Human-preference arenas then take over. Soon they also stop separating the frontier, because the top models sit inside the noise.[4][4] Arena, vision leaderboard Primary
The hard part is the same in every modality. Real conditions, real tasks and an independent evaluator are scarce. Deepfake detectors lose about half their skill on real fakes.[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary Robot policies that ace a simulator fail when the camera moves.[13][13] LIBERO-Plus, arXiv 2510.13626 Primary Voice agents lose most of their text-mode success once callers speak with noise and accents.[10][10] τ-voice, arXiv 2603.13686 Primary
Tests Beyond Text Fill Up in Months, Too
Best reported score on vision, GUI and speech tests, September 2024 to November 2026, with the tests that still resist.
Step 1 of 7: Four dots for DocVQA, ChartQA, OCRBench v1 and MathVista sit between 85 and 97 percent in November 2025.
Each modality has one number that tells its story
| Modality | Key number | Saturated, frontier and other facts | Independent check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vision-language | 16 Elo spread of Arena's vision top ten (19 Oct 2026) | Saturated: DocVQA, ChartQA, OCRBench v1, MathVista (85–97%); Frontier: HallusionBench at 60–67; Same model: 80.5% (Google) vs 83.9% (BenchLM) on MMMU-Pro | Aggregators only |
| Image and video generation | 17.7% maximum GenEval error against human judges | Saturated: GenEval; VBench v1; Frontier: GenEval 2 (35.8%), VBench-2.0; Deepfake detectors lose 45–50% AUC on real fakes | Two arenas, split verdicts |
| Speech and voice agents | 30–45% of text-mode success kept by voice agents (τ-voice) | Saturated: Big Bench Audio at 99.7%; LibriSpeech dropped from the Open ASR default; Testing vendors serve builders, not buyers | Builder-side QA only |
| Robotics and driving | >90% → 0–30% LIBERO success once objects, views or instructions shift | Frontier: BEHAVIOR-1K winner at 12.4%; CARLA Leaderboard closed; NAVSIM v2 leads; RoboArena: 612 comparisons across 7 universities | Almost no third party |
| GUI grounding | 92.7% best ScreenSpot-Pro score, up from 18.9% at launch | Tests static screens only; No state tracking or recovery; Reliability now limits GUI agents | Aggregators only |
| Classic ML (credit, fraud) | SR 26-2 replaced SR 11-7 on 17 Apr 2026; excludes GenAI and agents | Back-testing against real outcomes, no benchmark race; Agreed fairness metrics (Fairlearn, AIF360); Monitoring vendors are moving to agents | Model-risk validation |
Vision tests filled up, and the vision arena can no longer rank the frontier
Vision-language models answer questions about images, documents, charts and video. Their evaluation has split into saturated regression checks, harder successors and preference arenas.
Saturated perception tests stay in technical reports only as regression checks. Most late-2025 scores come from one primary table, the Qwen3-VL report. It compares Qwen3-VL with Gemini 2.5 Pro, GPT-5 and Claude Opus 4.1.[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary DocVQA reached 96.5–97.1, ChartQA 90.3 and MathVista-mini 85.8. Even the authors of ChartQA's successor call ChartQA saturated.[20][20] ChartQAPro, arXiv 2504.05506 Primary
Harder successors replaced them, and most now near their own ceiling. MMMU-Pro removed questions that text-only models could answer. It raised the options to ten and embedded some questions in the image. At launch, models scored 16.8–26.9 points lower than on MMMU.[23][23] MMMU-Pro, arXiv 2409.02813 Primary Within two years, aggregator scores passed 85%.[2][2] BenchLM, MMMU-Pro Secondary Models still stay "close to random guesses" on rare image types, such as music sheets and chemical structures.[22][22] MMMU benchmark site Primary
Hallucination remains the clearest unsolved test. Frontier models scored only 60.4–66.7 on HallusionBench in late 2025, while document tests passed 95.[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary[26][26] HallusionBench, arXiv 2310.14566 Primary Video understanding also lacks a current, dated leaderboard. Video-MME tops out at 85.1 and VideoMMMU at 84.6, both from November 2025 tables.[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary[28][28] Video-MME, arXiv 2405.21075 Primary
MMMU-Pro scores move with the source that reports them
Scores reported for MMMU-Pro by labs, aggregators and news, 2026. The spread comes from sources and variants, not from the models.
- Same model, two sources (2)
- Aggregator top score (1)
- Tool-using variant (1)
- Unverified claim (1)
What to notice
- The two indigo dots show the same model 3.4 points apart.
- GPT-5.4 Pro does not appear in BenchLM's November table, so we treat the 94% claim as unverified.
- Tool and Python variants mix into rankings and inflate scores.
Data table
| Item | Row | MMMU-Pro score (%) | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gemini 3.1 Pro | Google's own page | 80.5 | Same model, two sources |
| Gemini 3.1 Pro | Aggregators | 83.9 | Same model, two sources |
| GPT-6.1 Terra | Aggregators | 85.5 | Aggregator top score |
| GPT-5.4 with tools | Aggregators | 89.3 | Tool-using variant |
| GPT-5.4 Pro | News claim, July 2026 | 94 | Unverified claim |
Preference arenas rank models by votes, but the frontier sits inside the noise. Arena, formerly LMArena, runs the largest vision arena. On 19 October 2026 its board held 1,493,948 votes across 166 models.[4][4] Arena, vision leaderboard Primary The whole top ten fits inside 16 points, with overlapping intervals. A gap that small does not support any ranking claim.
The top ten vision models are statistically tied
Arena vision leaderboard, 19 October 2026: Elo score with 95% interval where published.
- Leader
- Tenth place
What to notice
- The leader's interval (±7) overlaps the second model's interval.
Data table
| Item | Value | Low | High | Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Claude Fable 5 (High) (1st) | 1,309 | 1302 | 1316 | Leader |
| Qwen3.8-Max (2nd) | 1,300 | 1293 | 1307 | |
| Claude Opus 4.6 (High) (joint 3rd) | 1,299 | |||
| Claude Opus 4.7 (joint 3rd) | 1,299 | |||
| Claude Opus 5.5 (High) (10th) | 1,293 | Tenth place |
Other arenas have gone quiet. WildVision-Arena collected real-user preferences in 2024, and its GPT-4 judge reached a Spearman correlation of 0.94 with arena Elo.[34][34] WildVision, arXiv 2406.11069 Primary Its Space has not changed since 22 December 2024.[35][35] Hugging Face API, WildVision Space Primary The OpenCompass Open VLM Leaderboard last changed on 11 March 2026.[36][36] Hugging Face API, Open VLM Leaderboard Primary
GUI grounding has reached its ceiling
Perception no longer limits GUI agents. ScreenSpot-Pro tests grounding on 1,581 instructions across 23 professional applications and three operating systems.[16][16] ScreenSpot-Pro, arXiv 2504.07981 Primary The best model scored 18.9% at launch in April 2025. By November 2026, BenchLM listed GPT-6 Astra at 92.7%, Claude Opus 4.8 at 87.9% and GPT-5.4 at 85.4%.[17][17] BenchLM, ScreenSpot-Pro Secondary The test covers static screens only, with no state tracking or recovery. Reliability, harness effects and broken task checkers now limit GUI agents instead.
-
Benchmark Measures Top score (model, date) Status Flaw DocVQA Questions on scanned documents 96.5–97.1, Qwen3-VL-235B, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Saturated Useful only as a regression check ChartQA Questions on charts 90.3, Qwen3-VL, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Saturated Its successor's authors call it saturated[20][20] ChartQAPro, arXiv 2504.05506 Primary ChartQAPro (Apr 2025) 1,948 questions on 1,341 harder charts[20][20] ChartQAPro, arXiv 2504.05506 Primary 55.81%, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, at launch Frontier No 2026 top score found OCRBench v1 Text in images, out of 1,000 920, Qwen3-VL-Instruct, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Saturated Too easy for frontier models OCRBench v2 (Dec 2024) 10,000 QA pairs in 31 scenarios, plus a private set of 1,500 images[21][21] OCRBench v2, arXiv 2501.00321 Primary 66.8–67.1 (English), Qwen3-VL, Nov 2025 Frontier No 2026 board found MathVista-mini Visual maths 85.8, Qwen3-VL-thinking, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Saturated Near the ceiling for all four families MMMU College-level multimodal questions 80.6–84.2 across four families, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Near ceiling Test answers became public in Feb 2026[22][22] MMMU benchmark site Primary MMMU-Pro (Sep 2024) MMMU without text-solvable items, ten options, a vision-only setting[23][23] MMMU-Pro, arXiv 2409.02813 Primary 85.5%, GPT-6.1 Terra, Nov 2026 (aggregator)[2][2] BenchLM, MMMU-Pro Secondary Near ceiling Sources disagree by several points; tool variants mix in[24][24] Google DeepMind, Gemini Pro page Vendor[25][25] Another Wrapper, MMMU-Pro with tools Secondary CharXiv descriptive Describing scientific charts 87.8–94.4, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Saturated Superseded by the reasoning split CharXiv reasoning Reasoning over scientific charts 93.5%, Qwen3.8 Max and Claude Mythos 5, Nov 2026 (aggregator)[3][3] BenchLM, CharXiv Secondary Near ceiling Only aggregator numbers for 2026 HallusionBench (2023) Visual illusions and hallucination; 346 images, 1,129 questions[26][26] HallusionBench, arXiv 2310.14566 Primary 60.4–66.7 across four families, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Frontier No 2026 primary score found POPE (2023) Yes/no polling on object hallucination[27][27] POPE, arXiv 2305.10355 Primary No 2026 primary score found Probably saturated (unverified) The yes/no format makes it easy ERQA Embodied reasoning from images 28.0–65.7, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Frontier Wide spread between model families Table 2. Image and document benchmarks with their best scores. November 2025 scores come from the Qwen3-VL report; 2026 scores come from aggregators.
-
Benchmark Measures Top score (model, date) Status Flaw Video-MME Video QA over six domains, 11 seconds to 1 hour[28][28] Video-MME, arXiv 2405.21075 Primary 85.1, Gemini 2.5 Pro without subtitles, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Near ceiling No dated 2026 board found MVBench 20 temporal tasks that one frame cannot solve[29][29] MVBench, arXiv 2311.17005 Primary 76.5, Qwen3-VL, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Active Converted annotations limit task variety VideoMMMU Expert-level questions on videos 84.6, GPT-5, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary Near ceiling No dated 2026 board found LongVideoBench 6,678 questions on 3,763 videos up to an hour long[30][30] LongVideoBench, arXiv 2407.15754 Primary No 2026 board found Unknown Current top scores unconfirmed EgoSchema 5,000+ questions on 3-minute egocentric clips[31][31] EgoSchema, arXiv 2308.09126 Primary No 2026 board found Unknown Current top scores unconfirmed Table 3. No dated 2026 leaderboard exists for these video tests, so the top scores come from November 2025 tables. - MVBench builds its questions from existing annotations, which avoids bias from an LLM grader.[29][29] MVBench, arXiv 2311.17005 Primary
- EgoSchema introduced "temporal certificate" length: how much of a clip a person must watch to answer.[31][31] EgoSchema, arXiv 2308.09126 Primary
- Coverage of Qwen3-VL reports 100% needle retrieval in 30-minute videos (secondary).[32][32] The Decoder on Qwen3-VL Secondary Needle retrieval tests search, not temporal reasoning.
-
Arena details
- Arena vision board, 19 Oct 2026: Claude Fable 5 (High) 1309±7; Qwen3.8-Max 1300±7; Claude Opus 4.6 (High) and Claude Opus 4.7 both 1299; tenth place Claude Opus 5.5 (High) 1293.[4][4] Arena, vision leaderboard Primary
- WildVision's 500-item WV-Bench used a GPT-4 judge. It correlated with arena Elo at Spearman 0.94; MMMU and MMVet correlated less.[34][34] WildVision, arXiv 2406.11069 Primary
GUI grounding table
Benchmark Measures Top score (model, date) Status Flaw ScreenSpot-Pro Grounding on 1,581 high-resolution instructions 92.7%, GPT-6 Astra, Nov 2026 (aggregator)[17][17] BenchLM, ScreenSpot-Pro Secondary Near ceiling "Tests static-screen grounding" only OSWorld-Verified Real desktop tasks 85%, Claude Fable 5, five-run average (aggregator)[100][100] BenchLM, Claude Fable 5 versus Opus 4.5 Secondary Near ceiling We did not retrieve the system card Table 4. GUI grounding and computer-use scores. Both 2026 figures are aggregator numbers.
-
- No independent team re-ran frontier models on the vision suite in a fixed harness during 2026.
- Very long video still lacks a current, dated leaderboard.
- Public test answers end contamination control, so future MMMU scores deserve less weight than private-set scores.[22][22] MMMU benchmark site Primary
- Lab pages, aggregators and leaderboards report different numbers for the same model.
Blind human votes now rank generation, because automatic judges drift
Image, video and music generation have no single right answer. Evaluators therefore rely on human preference, and automatic metrics serve as cheap proxies.
A frozen judge falls behind the models it grades. GenEval checks objects, counts, colours and positions in text-to-image output. Its Meta FAIR authors show that GenEval "has drifted far from human judgment over time".[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary A large human study confirmed the saturation. The same drift affects LLM judges in text. Any judge-model approach needs regular re-calibration against fresh human labels.
17.7%
maximum error of GenEval's automatic judge against human judgment, December 2025. The judge grades models that have moved past it.
Source: GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853.[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary
A harder successor resets the scale. GenEval 2 adds more primitives and deeper composition, scored per primitive with Soft-TIFA.[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary The best model reached only 35.8% at prompt level in December 2025 (single source).[37][37] alphaXiv overview of GenEval 2 Single source Learned scorers such as HPSv2 and HPSv3 also serve as proxies. HPSv2 fine-tunes CLIP on 798,090 human choices, and HPSv3 uses a VLM and 1.17 million comparisons.[39][39] HPSv2, arXiv 2306.09341 Primary[40][40] HPSv3, arXiv 2508.03789 Primary Any fixed scorer falls behind newer models.
A harder test drops the best image score from 97% to 36%
Best text-to-image result on GenEval (human-judged) and on its successor GenEval 2 (prompt-level), December 2025.
97%
GenEval
96.7%, Gemini 2.5 Flash Image, human-judged
36%
GenEval 2
35.8%, best model, prompt-level
The best model reaches only 35.8%.
Each square is 1 of 100 (1%).
What to notice
- The two tests use different scoring, so read the gap as a reset of the scale, not as a model regression.
Data table
| Panel | Value |
|---|---|
| GenEval | 97% |
| GenEval 2 | 36% |
Two arenas dominate, and they disagree on video. Arena collects votes from an open crowd. Artificial Analysis (AA) pays vetted private evaluators. Both fit votes with a Bradley-Terry model on an Elo scale.[48][48] Artificial Analysis, image methodology Primary On images they agree: GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst leads both boards.[45][45] Arena, text-to-image leaderboard Primary[46][46] Artificial Analysis, text-to-image leaderboard Primary On video they split. Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash ranks first on Arena but tenth on AA.[6][6] Arena, text-to-video leaderboard Primary[7][7] Artificial Analysis, text-to-video leaderboard Primary Neither source explains the gap. Likely causes include the voter pool, the prompt set and the inclusion of audio.
The two arenas agree on images and split on video
| Arena (open crowd) | Artificial Analysis (paid, vetted evaluators) | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Text-to-image leader | GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst, 1427±5 | GPT Image 2.5 Sunburst (max), 1225 | Same leader |
| Text-to-video leader | Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash, 1516±15 | Wan 3.0, 1172 | Different leaders |
| Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash on video | 1st | 10th (1129) | Neither source explains the gap |
| Audio in video votes | Not stated | Yes (v2.1, with audio) | |
| Board size | 718,577 video votes, 48 models (21 Sep 2026) | Not published | |
| Score anchor | None stated | Kling 3.0 1080p (Pro) = 1000 for video; FLUX.2 [dev] = 1000 for images | |
| Prompt curation | Prompts from voters | Human-curated, 10 use cases, refreshed monthly | |
| Interval caveat | Not stated | Admits intervals 'may be slightly narrow' |
Audio metrics lack validation against human perception. Fréchet Audio Distance (FAD) remains the default metric for music quality. Few studies test its link to perceived quality. Its critics name three biases: sample size, embedding choice and reference set.[44][44] Adapting FAD for music, arXiv 2311.01616 Primary Music Arena, live since July 2025, runs pairwise votes for text-to-music systems.[47][47] Music Arena, arXiv 2507.20900 Primary
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Benchmark Measures Top score (model, date) Status Flaw GenEval Objects, counts, colours and positions in text-to-image 96.7% human-judged, Gemini 2.5 Flash Image (single source)[37][37] alphaXiv overview of GenEval 2 Single source Saturated[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary Its automatic judge errs by up to 17.7% GenEval 2 (Dec 2025) More primitives and deeper composition, scored per primitive with Soft-TIFA[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary 35.8% prompt-level, best model, Dec 2025 (single source)[37][37] alphaXiv overview of GenEval 2 Single source Frontier New, with little outside use so far T2I-CompBench++ 8,000 prompts on binding, relations, counts and composition[38][38] T2I-CompBench++, arXiv 2307.06350 Primary No 2026 top score found Active Relies on detectors and MLLM judges HPSv2 and HPSv3 Learned scorers trained on human preferences[39][39] HPSv2, arXiv 2306.09341 Primary[40][40] HPSv3, arXiv 2508.03789 Primary Not a leaderboard Proxy A fixed scorer falls behind newer models VBench (v1) Surface faithfulness of video: per-frame quality, temporal consistency, basic prompt adherence[41][41] VBench-2.0, arXiv 2503.21755 Primary Vendors self-report ranks[42][42] CreativePro on ToMoviee 2.0 (press release) Vendor Saturated (our judgement) Tests only surface quality VBench-2.0 (Mar 2025) Intrinsic faithfulness: physics, commonsense, control, creativity and human fidelity in 18 dimensions[41][41] VBench-2.0, arXiv 2503.21755 Primary Vendors self-report ranks[42][42] CreativePro on ToMoviee 2.0 (press release) Vendor Frontier; Space updated 1 Apr 2026[43][43] Hugging Face API, VBench Leaderboard Space Primary Ranks serve as marketing Fréchet Audio Distance Distance between embeddings of generated and reference audio Not a leaderboard Default music metric Sample size, embedding and reference set all bias it[44][44] Adapting FAD for music, arXiv 2311.01616 Primary Table 6. Automatic metrics and learned scorers for image, video and music generation, read November 2026. - Wondershare claims that ToMoviee 2.0 ranked third on VBench 2.0. The claim comes from a press release.[42][42] CreativePro on ToMoviee 2.0 (press release) Vendor
-
Generation arenas, full table
Arena Board date and size Leader (score, date) Next places Notes Arena text-to-image 2 Nov 2026; 6,961,993 votes; 84 models GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst, 1427±5[45][45] Arena, text-to-image leaderboard Primary OpenAI holds the top five; MAI-Image-2.6 1331; Gemini Nano Banana 2.1 1325 Open crowd AA text-to-image (v2.1) Read 5 Nov 2026 GPT Image 2.5 Sunburst (max), 1225, Sep 2026[46][46] Artificial Analysis, text-to-image leaderboard Primary GPT Image 2.5 Flare 1208; GPT Image 2 (high) 1188; Nano Banana 2.1 1175 Anchor FLUX.2 [dev] = 1000; $10–211 per 1,000 images Arena text-to-video 21 Sep 2026; 718,577 votes; 48 models Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash, 1516±15[6][6] Arena, text-to-video leaderboard Primary gemini-omni-flash 1513; FLUX 3 Video 1493 (preliminary); Grok Imagine Video 1.5 1492 (preliminary) Open crowd AA text-to-video (v2.1, with audio) Read 5 Nov 2026 Wan 3.0, 1172, Aug 2026[7][7] Artificial Analysis, text-to-video leaderboard Primary Utopai X 1169; MiniMax H3 (768p) 1160; FLUX 3 Max 1156 Gemini Omni Flash 1.1 tenth at 1129; anchor Kling 3.0 1080p (Pro) = 1000 Music Arena Live since Jul 2025 No ranking read Not read Rolling data releases[47][47] Music Arena, arXiv 2507.20900 Primary Table 7. Board sizes and leaders as read in September to November 2026. Elo scales differ between the two providers, so compare ranks only. How Artificial Analysis runs its arena
- It randomises left and right positions and requires a minimum engagement time per vote.[48][48] Artificial Analysis, image methodology Primary
- Humans curate prompts across 10 use cases and capabilities such as text rendering, layout and anatomy.
- It refreshes prompts monthly and retires prompts that do not separate models.
- It admits its intervals "may be slightly narrow", because it treats votes from one evaluator or one prompt as independent.
-
Audio and music
- FAD critics propose extrapolation to infinite sample size, plus validated embeddings and references.[44][44] Adapting FAD for music, arXiv 2311.01616 Primary
- Music Arena routes prompts with an LLM, records listening data and collects free-text feedback.[47][47] Music Arena, arXiv 2507.20900 Primary
What stays open in generation
- Automated judges drift and need scheduled re-calibration against humans.
- Arenas disagree, and neither explains why.
- Audio metrics lack validation against human perception.
- We found no 2026 primary top scores for ImageReward, PickScore, GenEval or T2I-CompBench.
Deepfake detectors lose about half their skill on real fakes
Detection benchmarks built in the lab overstate how well detectors work on fakes found online.
Deepfake-Eval-2024 gives the clearest picture of real-world detection. Its authors collected in-the-wild deepfakes from 2024. The set holds 45 hours of video, 56.5 hours of audio and 1,975 images. The items come from 88 websites in 52 languages.[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary AUC, the area under the curve, measures how well a detector separates real from fake. Open-source state-of-the-art detectors lost 45–50% of their AUC against academic benchmarks.
Open-source deepfake detectors lose about half their AUC in the wild
Share of academic-benchmark AUC that open-source state-of-the-art detectors lost on real deepfakes collected online in 2024.
Drag each bar: what share of their AUC did open-source detectors lose on real 2024 deepfakes?
Drag a bar, or tab to it and use the arrow keys.
Data table: shown after you check your guess
Commercial and fine-tuned detectors did better, but not well enough. They "do not yet reach the accuracy of deepfake forensic analysts".[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary Transparency rules, such as Article 50 of the EU AI Act, will need in-the-wild test sets. We found no standing, independent leaderboard for deepfake detection.
-
Modality AUC lost versus academic benchmarks Note Video 50% Open-source state-of-the-art detectors[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary Audio 48% Open-source state-of-the-art detectors[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary Images 45% Open-source state-of-the-art detectors[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary Table 8. Share of AUC lost on in-the-wild 2024 deepfakes compared with academic benchmarks. - Deepfake-Eval-2024 is an academic snapshot, not a maintained board.
- This research pass did not search for 2026 tests of watermark robustness, such as SynthID or C2PA.
- It did not cover voice-clone detection, such as ASVspoof 5.
Speech reasoning is solved, but voice agents lose most of their text-mode success
Speech recognition, speech synthesis and voice agents each have their own boards. The gap between skill on a test and conduct on a call is widest for agents.
Single-turn speech tests have saturated. StepAudio 3 Realtime scores 99.7% on Big Bench Audio, a set of 1,000 spoken reasoning questions.[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary[57][57] Big Bench Audio dataset card Primary It also scores 98.9% on turn-taking dynamics such as pauses, backchannels and interruptions.[58][58] Full-Duplex-Bench, arXiv 2503.04721 Primary Big Bench Audio uses synthetic speech in 23 voices, in English only. AA's Speech-to-Speech Index puts Phonic 1 (High) at 87.1, just ahead of Grok Voice 3.0 at 86.9.[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary
30–45%
of their text-mode task success is all that voice agents kept on the same customer-service tasks in the τ-voice study (ICML 2026).
Source: τ-voice, arXiv 2603.13686.[10][10] τ-voice, arXiv 2603.13686 Primary
The τ-voice benchmark shows the gap between skill and conduct most clearly. Its authors extend τ²-bench to full-duplex voice calls in retail, airline and telecom.[10][10] τ-voice, arXiv 2603.13686 Primary[60][60] ICML 2026 poster for τ-voice Primary Each of 278 tasks checks the final database state. In text mode, GPT-5 with reasoning reaches 85% pass@1. Voice agents reach 31–51% with clean audio and 26–38% with realistic noise and accents. The agent's own behaviour causes 79–90% of the failures.
The same tasks drop from 85% in text to as low as 26% in voice
τ-voice task success (pass@1): GPT-5 with reasoning in text mode, against the best and worst voice agents in two audio conditions.
What to notice
- The agent's own behaviour, not speech recognition, causes 79–90% of failures.
- Artificial Analysis reported 79.9% for Phonic 1 (High) in November 2026, on a harness that may differ from the paper's.
Data table
| Line | Text mode | Voice mode | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clean audio, best voice agent | 85% | 51% | −34 |
| Clean audio, worst voice agent | 85% | 31% | −54 |
| Noise and accents, best voice agent | 85% | 38% | −47 |
| Noise and accents, worst voice agent | 85% | 26% | −59 |
Voice-testing vendors sell quality assurance to builders, not ratings to buyers. Coval, Hamming, Cekura, Bluejay and Cyara combine simulated callers, LLM judges, latency metrics and production monitoring.[63][63] Coval website Vendor[65][65] Hamming website Vendor[54][54] Cekura website Vendor[66][66] Bluejay website Vendor[67][67] Cyara website Vendor Hamming claims 95%+ agreement with human evaluators. Nobody has audited such claims. Cyara's "EU AI Act conformity check" comes closest to a compliance product.
The Open ASR Leaderboard fights benchmark gaming
The Open ASR Leaderboard is the reference board for speech recognition. Its paper (v4, 30 March 2026) benchmarks 86 open and closed systems on 12 datasets.[49][49] Open ASR Leaderboard paper, arXiv 2510.06961 Primary It reports word error rate (WER) for accuracy and inverse real-time factor for speed. During 2026, its maintainers rebuilt the default average around cleaned and private data.[11][11] Open ASR Leaderboard, init.py (version log) Primary
Private data and a fitting check now resist gaming. Appen, DataoceanAI and Voice Arena supply private sets, aggregated so that no provider or split leaks.[50][50] Open ASR Leaderboard, constants.py Primary The private tab exists to "address risks of overfitting to public datasets". A "benchmark fitting" tab compares the noisy VoxPopuli split with a cleaned version.[51][51] Open ASR Leaderboard, app.py Primary A model that scores better on the noisy references has learned their spelling quirks. The maintainers call this the "benchmaxing phenomenon".
In six months the speech leaderboard rebuilt its default score
Method changes logged by the Hugging Face Open ASR Leaderboard, May to November 2026.
What to notice
- The default average now rests on cleaned conversational and business sets plus two private aggregates.
- Any public rater could copy the recipe: private held-out data, cleaned references, a fitting check and verified claims.
Data table
| Date | Lane | Event | Kind | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-20 | Test data | Tedlium removed | other | |
| 2026-06-24 | Method and checks | H200 GPUs; English normaliser updated | release | |
| 2026-07-07 | Test data | Cleaned AMI, Gigaspeech, VoxPopuli added | release | |
| 2026-08-21 | Method and checks | 'Benchmark fitting' tab | launch | Compares noisy and cleaned VoxPopuli to expose learned spelling quirks |
| 2026-08-28 | Test data | Indian-accent English and Hindi sets | release | From Voice Arena |
| 2026-10-15 | Method and checks | OtterAI listed with verified private WER | other | |
| 2026-11-02 | Test data | LibriSpeech dropped from default average | shutdown |
Top WERs rest on secondary sources, because the results file needs a login. NVIDIA Nemotron 3.5 Transcribe averages 5.33% and ranks ninth, behind eight closed APIs.[52][52] Apidog, open-source speech-to-text models Secondary Qwen3-ASR-1.7B averages 5.40%.[52][52] Apidog, open-source speech-to-text models Secondary Text-to-speech is ranked by preference: AA's Speech Arena names ElevenLabs Eleven v4 top at Elo 1334.[55][55] Artificial Analysis, text-to-speech Primary We found no 2026 standard for mean opinion score (MOS) tests.
-
Speech recognition: reported top systems
System Average WER Source and date Note NVIDIA Nemotron 3.5 Transcribe 30B-A4B 5.33% Added 28 Oct 2026 (secondary)[52][52] Apidog, open-source speech-to-text models Secondary Ninth overall; eight closed APIs rank above it Qwen3-ASR-1.7B 5.40% Nov 2026 (secondary)[52][52] Apidog, open-source speech-to-text models Secondary Open model Cohere Transcribe 5.42% Mar 2026, first at launch (secondary)[53][53] NYU Shanghai RITS on Cohere Transcribe Secondary Open model Nemotron 3.5 Transcribe on Cekura's own set 2.28% Vendor[54][54] Cekura website Vendor Not comparable with the leaderboard Table 9. Top word error rates rest on secondary sources, because the leaderboard's results file needs a login. - Conformer encoders with transformer decoders give the best WER; CTC and TDT decoders give the best speed.[49][49] Open ASR Leaderboard paper, arXiv 2510.06961 Primary
- The board covers English short-form, English long-form and multilingual tracks.[49][49] Open ASR Leaderboard paper, arXiv 2510.06961 Primary
Speech synthesis
- AA's Speech Arena ranks TTS models by pairwise preference; ElevenLabs Eleven v4 leads at 1334.[55][55] Artificial Analysis, text-to-speech Primary
- TTS Arena V2 on Hugging Face is active; its Space changed on 31 Oct 2026. We could not read its rankings.[56][56] Hugging Face API, TTS Arena V2 Primary
- We found no study that compares MOS with arena results.
-
Benchmark Measures Top score (model, date) Status Flaw Big Bench Audio 1,000 spoken BBH reasoning questions in four categories[57][57] Big Bench Audio dataset card Primary 99.7%, StepAudio 3 Realtime, Nov 2026[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary Saturated Synthetic TTS audio in 23 voices, English only Conversational Dynamics (Full-Duplex-Bench subset) Pauses, backchannels, turn-taking and interruptions[58][58] Full-Duplex-Bench, arXiv 2503.04721 Primary 98.9%, StepAudio 3 Realtime, Nov 2026[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary Near ceiling Automatic metrics only Full-Duplex-Bench-v2 (Oct 2025) Streaming examiner over daily, correction, entity-tracking and safety tasks[59][59] Full-Duplex-Bench-v2, arXiv 2510.07838 Primary No 2026 board found Frontier Systems "get confused when people talk at the same time" τ-voice (ICML 2026) 278 grounded tasks in retail, airline and telecom, with noisy, accented simulated callers[10][10] τ-voice, arXiv 2603.13686 Primary[60][60] ICML 2026 poster for τ-voice Primary 79.9%, Phonic 1 (High), Nov 2026, AA harness[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary Frontier AA's harness may differ from the paper's VoiceBench (Oct 2024) Spoken instructions across speakers, environments and content[61][61] VoiceBench, arXiv 2410.17196 Primary Leaderboard news stops in Dec 2024[62][62] VoiceBench on GitHub Primary Dormant board A gpt-4o-mini judge grades open-ended items Time to first audio Latency 0.04 s, Raon SpeechChat, Nov 2026[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary Metric Says nothing about quality Table 10. Single-turn speech tests have saturated; multi-turn voice agents remain the frontier. - AA's preference arena for speech-to-speech puts Gemini 3.1 Flash Live Minimal on top at 1089.[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary
-
Vendor Method Metrics Claims Coval Simulate, observe and review; human QA on high-stakes calls feeds the evals[63][63] Coval website Vendor Timing, turn-taking, interruptions, audio issues, tool calls, caller emotion 3.1M metrics run weekly; customers include Chime, Perplexity and ServiceNow; $28M Series A[64][64] The Next Web on Coval's Series A Secondary Hamming Simulated callers with accents, noise, DTMF and IVR trees; red-teaming; production monitoring[65][65] Hamming website Vendor 50+ built-in metrics; OpenTelemetry export 95%+ agreement with human evaluators; 50K+ concurrent calls; 65+ languages Cekura (YC) Simulation, drift monitoring, cross-platform benchmarks, red-teaming, deploy gates[54][54] Cekura website Vendor pass^3, P5–P95 turn latency, interruption score, hallucination rate, compliance checks Retell 96.6% pass^3; ElevenLabs 1.73 s median turn latency Bluejay (YC, 2025) Simulated voice and chat, call replay, A/B tests, load tests[66][66] Bluejay website Vendor Tone, accuracy, conversion; public MISTT STT benchmark Google case study with 648 hours saved per month Cyara Carrier-to-agent journey tests, load tests, outside-in monitoring[67][67] Cyara website Vendor Policy scores with turn-level evidence "EU AI Act conformity check"; Vodafone, Blue Shield of California, TD Bank Table 11. Every figure in this table is a vendor claim. Nobody has audited them.
-
- Noise, accents and overlapping speech still break voice agents.
- Public ASR data invites benchmark fitting; only private held-out sets resist it.
- TTS lacks a validated MOS standard.
- We found no pricing, customer counts or funding data for Hamming, Cekura or Bluejay.
Robot scores collapse under small changes, and labs mostly grade themselves
Robotics has the least standardised evaluation of any modality. Simulation is cheap but fragile. Real-robot tests are costly, so labs run them in-house.
LIBERO shows how fragile simulation scores can be. LIBERO-PRO perturbed objects, initial states, instructions and environments.[12][12] LIBERO-PRO, arXiv 2510.03827 Primary Models that scored above 90% collapsed to 0%. They kept grasping when the target changed and ignored corrupted instructions. The authors call this "rote memorization of action sequences". LIBERO-Plus found drops from 95% to below 30% under modest camera and start-state changes.[13][13] LIBERO-Plus, arXiv 2510.13626 Primary
Robot policies that ace LIBERO fail when the scene shifts
Task success of vision-language-action models on standard LIBERO and under small perturbations, 2025 studies.
- Standard LIBERO
- Under small perturbations
What to notice
- Bars are approximate bounds: '>90%' and '95%' before, '0%' and 'below 30%' after.
- LIBERO-Plus models 'tend to ignore language instructions completely'.
Data table
| Group | Standard LIBERO | Under small perturbations |
|---|---|---|
| LIBERO-PRO (objects, start states, instructions, scenes) | 90% | 0% |
| LIBERO-Plus (camera and start-state shifts) | 95% | 30% |
Most robot papers run too few rollouts to support their claims. NVIDIA names four common flaws.[76][76] The Robot Report on NVIDIA robot evaluation Secondary Train and test scenes overlap, and fixed task sets saturate. Binary success hides causes, and rollouts are too few. Seventy rollouts at 90% success leave a confidence band about 15 points wide. A band of ±2 points needs about 1,030 rollouts, using Clopper-Pearson intervals.
A tight robot result needs far more rollouts than most papers run
Rollouts needed for a confidence band at a 90% success rate, using Clopper-Pearson intervals. One robot is 10 rollouts.
= 10 rollouts
Data table
| Row | Category | Count |
|---|---|---|
| 70 rollouts | Typical paper | 70 |
| About 1,030 rollouts | Needed for ±2 points | 1,030 |
Each lab tests its own way, on its own task suite. Google DeepMind runs Gemini Robotics 1.5 comparisons as interleaved A/B/n tests on one real work cell.[77][77] Gemini Robotics 1.5, arXiv 2510.03342 Primary It uses a 230-task benchmark and a continuous "progress score". Physical Intelligence tests π0.5 in "entirely new homes" and reports deployment throughput for π*0.6.[79][79] π0.5, arXiv 2504.16054 Primary[80][80] π*0.6, arXiv 2511.14759 Primary World models now help rank checkpoints. Google DeepMind checked a Veo-based simulator against more than 1,600 real runs.[83][83] Gemini Robotics policies in a Veo world simulator, arXiv 2512.10675 Primary The field accepts such results for ranking, not for absolute success claims.
Independent real-world evaluation started only in 2025 and 2026. RoboArena ran 612 double-blind comparisons across seven universities and ranked policies more accurately than central evaluation.[86][86] RoboArena, arXiv 2506.18123 Primary PhAIL scores real bin picking by units per hour.[90][90] Robotics & Automation News on PhAIL Secondary Robocurve, a three-person YC start-up, says plainly: "Labs evaluate in-house, and no independent group has stepped in".[91][91] Y Combinator, Robocurve profile Vendor The situation resembles text LLM evaluation around 2022.
Driving moved to pseudo-simulation
Open-loop metrics fell first, then the CARLA Leaderboard closed. On nuScenes, simple baselines that use only the car's own state compete without any perception.[95][95] Ego status in open-loop driving, arXiv 2312.03031 Primary The CARLA Leaderboard then closed for good, and version 2.1 had already made scores non-comparable with 2.0.[14][14] CARLA Autonomous Driving Leaderboard Primary NAVSIM v2 now fills the gap with pseudo-simulation on real data. It correlates with closed-loop simulation at R² = 0.8, against 0.7 for the best open-loop method.[15][15] NAVSIM v2 pseudo-simulation, arXiv 2506.04218 Primary Top navtest scores reach about 87.5, against a human level of 90.3 (snippets).[98][98] IDOL, arXiv 2605.31476 Primary[99][99] RAP, arXiv 2510.04333 Primary
-
Benchmark Measures Top score (model, date) Status Flaw LIBERO (2023) 130 lifelong-learning manipulation tasks in four suites[68][68] LIBERO, arXiv 2306.03310 Primary Above 90%, several VLAs, 2025[12][12] LIBERO-PRO, arXiv 2510.03827 Primary Saturated Scores collapse under small perturbations[12][12] LIBERO-PRO, arXiv 2510.03827 Primary[13][13] LIBERO-Plus, arXiv 2510.13626 Primary CALVIN (2021) Long-horizon, language-conditioned manipulation[69][69] CALVIN, arXiv 2112.03227 Primary Not verified Active Current top scores unconfirmed RoboCasa (2024) 100 kitchen tasks with generated assets[70][70] RoboCasa, arXiv 2406.02523 Primary Not verified Active Current top scores unconfirmed ManiSkill3 (2024) GPU-parallel simulation at 30,000+ FPS in 12 domains[71][71] ManiSkill3, arXiv 2410.00425 Primary Not a leaderboard Infrastructure Speed does not prove realism Habitat 3.0 (2023) Social navigation and rearrangement with humanoid avatars[72][72] Habitat 3.0, arXiv 2310.13724 Primary Not verified Active Current top scores unconfirmed BEHAVIOR-1K (2024) 1,000 everyday activities in 50 scenes[73][73] BEHAVIOR-1K, arXiv 2403.09227 Primary 12.4% success, Q-score 0.260, NeurIPS 2025 winner (provisional)[74][74] Robot Learning Collective on the BEHAVIOR Challenge Secondary[75][75] BEHAVIOR Challenge 2025 leaderboard Primary Frontier We read only search snippets of the results RoboLab-120 (NVIDIA, Jul 2026) Graded subtasks, smoothness and robustness tests[76][76] The Robot Report on NVIDIA robot evaluation Secondary No policy chained more than four complex subtasks Frontier Vendor benchmark Table 12. Simulation benchmarks for robot manipulation and household tasks, read November 2026.
-
How VLA labs evaluate
- Google DeepMind runs Gemini Robotics 1.5 comparisons as interleaved A/B/n tests on one real work cell, with a 230-task benchmark and a continuous progress score with standard errors.[77][77] Gemini Robotics 1.5, arXiv 2510.03342 Primary Over 90% of development episodes ran in MuJoCo simulation, with checks that sim and real ranks agree. The team also released ASIMOV-2.0, a benchmark for semantic and physical safety.
- The earlier Gemini Robotics report set up the visual, semantic and action generalisation tests that 1.5 extends.[78][78] Gemini Robotics, arXiv 2503.20020 Primary
- Physical Intelligence tests π0.5 on long cleaning tasks in new homes.[79][79] π0.5, arXiv 2504.16054 Primary π*0.6 reports deployment metrics; its RECAP method "more than doubles task throughput" on laundry, box assembly and espresso.[80][80] π*0.6, arXiv 2511.14759 Primary
- NVIDIA tests GR00T N1 on simulation benchmarks against imitation-learning baselines and on real humanoid tasks.[81][81] GR00T N1, arXiv 2503.14734 Primary
- SIMPLER showed strong sim-real correlation once teams reduce the control and visual gaps.[82][82] SIMPLER, arXiv 2405.05941 Primary
World models as evaluators
- Google DeepMind's Veo-based world simulator (Dec 2025) predicts policy ranks in normal and out-of-distribution conditions and red-teams for safety violations. It was checked against 1,600+ real runs of eight Gemini Robotics checkpoints.[83][83] Gemini Robotics policies in a Veo world simulator, arXiv 2512.10675 Primary One secondary summary reports a Pearson correlation of 0.88 with real success (single source).[84][84] Moonlight review of the Veo evaluator Single source
- GigaWorld-1 and WMBench (Jul 2026) pair 324,000+ simulated rollouts with real executions across seven video world models.[85][85] GigaWorld-1 and WMBench, arXiv 2607.02642 Primary
-
Effort Who runs it Method Scale and status RoboArena (CoRL 2025) Academic network Distributed, double-blind pairwise tests on DROID robots; evaluators pick tasks 7 policies, 7 universities, 612 comparisons, 4,284 episodes[86][86] RoboArena, arXiv 2506.18123 Primary AutoEval (2025) Academic Queue-based tests around the clock, automatic success detection and resets Public BridgeData and WidowX scenes[87][87] AutoEval, arXiv 2503.24278 Primary RobotArena ∞ (Oct 2025) Academic Digital twins from robot videos; VLM scoring plus crowd preference Research release[88][88] RobotArena ∞, arXiv 2510.23571 Primary Open X-Embodiment (2023) 21 institutions Cross-lab tests of RT-X on 22 robots Template for multi-site tests[89][89] Open X-Embodiment, arXiv 2310.08864 Primary PhAIL (31 Mar 2026) Positronic Robotics with Nebius and Toloka Real bin-to-bin picking, scored by units per hour and mean time between failures Repeated runs with telemetry; a gap to human operators remains[90][90] Robotics & Automation News on PhAIL Secondary Robocurve (YC S26) Three-person start-up Reproducible real-robot benchmarks as a service Open-source "Inspect Robots" v1 (single source)[91][91] Y Combinator, Robocurve profile Vendor[92][92] startuphub.ai on Robocurve Single source Table 13. Independent real-robot evaluation efforts, 2023 to 2026. All of them are new or small. - RoboArena's live leaderboard runs as a JavaScript app that we could not read.[86][86] RoboArena, arXiv 2506.18123 Primary
- AutoEval "nearly fully eliminate[s] human involvement", and its results match hand-run tests.[87][87] AutoEval, arXiv 2503.24278 Primary
- Hugging Face LeRobot has 28,706 GitHub stars and a push on 5 Nov 2026.[93][93] GitHub, LeRobot Primary LIBERO's code last changed in March 2025.[94][94] GitHub, LIBERO Primary
-
Benchmark Measures Top score (model, date) Status Flaw nuScenes open-loop planning L2 error and collisions against logged paths Not meaningful Discredited Ego-status baselines without perception compete[95][95] Ego status in open-loop driving, arXiv 2312.03031 Primary CARLA Leaderboard 2.x Closed-loop route driving in simulation Not available Permanently closed[14][14] CARLA Autonomous Driving Leaderboard Primary Version 2.1 made scores non-comparable with 2.0 Bench2Drive (2024) Closed-loop multi-ability tests in CARLA[96][96] Bench2Drive, arXiv 2406.03877 Primary Not verified Active Depends on CARLA NAVSIM v1 (2024) Non-reactive simulation on real data over short horizons[97][97] NAVSIM, arXiv 2406.15349 Primary Not verified Superseded by v2 Short horizons only NAVSIM v2 (Jun 2025) Pseudo-simulation with Gaussian-splatting future views[15][15] NAVSIM v2 pseudo-simulation, arXiv 2506.04218 Primary EPDMS about 87.5 on navtest, against a human level of 90.3; 34–37 on navhard (snippets)[98][98] IDOL, arXiv 2605.31476 Primary[99][99] RAP, arXiv 2510.04333 Primary Main public benchmark Older "EPDMS*" numbers predate a leaderboard fix Table 14. Driving evaluation moved from open-loop metrics to closed-loop simulation, and then to pseudo-simulation on real data.
-
- Many papers report tens of rollouts per task, which leaves a band of roughly 15 points.[76][76] The Robot Report on NVIDIA robot evaluation Secondary
- Sim and world-model results support ranking, not absolute claims.
- Robot safety tests such as ASIMOV-2.0 stay semantic and physical. None ties behaviour to legal duties such as the EU Machinery Regulation.[77][77] Gemini Robotics 1.5, arXiv 2510.03342 Primary
- We found no 2026 data on Waymo challenges, nuPlan, or safety cases under UL 4600 and ISO 34502.
Classic ML has a mature, regulator-written method, and it stops at generative AI
Credit scorecards and fraud detectors have been validated the same way since 2011. The method rests on lifecycle review, independence and risk tiers, not on benchmark scores.
SR 26-2 replaced SR 11-7 in April 2026, and it leaves out generative AI. The Federal Reserve issued SR 26-2 on 17 April 2026.[101][101] Federal Reserve, SR 26-2 Primary It supersedes SR 11-7 (2011) and SR 21-8 on anti-money-laundering models. It is "expected to be most relevant" to banks with over $30 billion in assets. Footnote 3 states that generative and agentic AI models "are not within the scope of this guidance".[18][18] Federal Reserve, SR 26-2 attachment Primary The OCC and FDIC issued matching texts (single secondary source).[102][102] CRA Insights on SR 26-2 Single source
The EU AI Act draws its own line between credit and fraud. Annex III lists creditworthiness checks and credit scoring of natural persons as high-risk. It excludes AI that detects financial fraud. It adds risk assessment and pricing in life and health insurance.[19][19] EU AI Act, Annex III Primary A bank's credit model therefore falls under the high-risk rules, but its fraud model does not.
Classic validation rests on ground truth that agents mostly lack
| Classic ML (credit, fraud, pricing) | Generative and agentic AI | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground-truth outcome for back-testing | Yes | Partly | Default or fraud outcomes exist; agents mostly lack one |
| Agreed fairness metrics | Yes | No | Demographic parity and equalised odds for tabular models |
| Drift scope | Input and prediction distributions | Also model-version and tool changes | |
| US supervisory guidance | SR 26-2 (Apr 2026) | No | Footnote 3 excludes generative and agentic AI |
| Public arenas or leaderboards | No | Yes | |
| Validation vocabulary | Conceptual soundness, effective challenge, outcomes analysis, vendor validation | Partly | The same terms transfer well to agent evaluation |
Classic monitoring vendors are moving to agents, and open drift tools are stalling. Arthur's homepage now leads with agent governance and security.[106][106] Arthur website Vendor CrowdStrike agreed to buy Fiddler on 3 November 2026 for agent observability.[108][108] CrowdStrike on Fiddler (press release) Primary NannyML last received a code push in July 2025 and whylogs in January 2025.[111][111] GitHub, NannyML Primary[112][112] GitHub, whylogs Primary Tabular fairness and drift tools now look like a commodity layer. Model-risk specialists such as ValidMind carry classic validation forward.[103][103] ValidMind, SR 26-2 use case Vendor
-
Component What it checks Conceptual soundness Design, assumptions, data selection and developmental testing; interpretability or benchmarking where theory review fits poorly Outcomes analysis Outputs against real outcomes, for example through back-testing and outlier analysis Ongoing monitoring Performance as products, exposures, clients, data relevance or markets change Vendor models The same checks for bought models: soundness, design, development data, performance and monitoring Table 16. The four validation components that SR 26-2 asks banks to cover. Source: SR 26-2 attachment.[18][18] Federal Reserve, SR 26-2 attachment Primary The OCC issued it as Bulletin 2026-13 and the FDIC as FIL-15-2026 (single secondary source).[102][102] CRA Insights on SR 26-2 Single source Its principles still apply to traditional models and to non-generative, non-agentic AI.
-
Tool Type Focus in Nov 2026 Activity ValidMind Commercial MRM platform Maps SR 26-2 to inventory, tiering, tests, monitoring, documentation and three lines of defence[103][103] ValidMind, SR 26-2 use case Vendor Recommends MRM principles for GenAI anyway Evidently AI Open source, Apache-2.0 Drift, data quality and performance; now also LLM and agent evals with 100+ metrics[104][104] Evidently AI website Vendor 8,043 stars; push on 29 Sep 2026[105][105] GitHub API, Evidently Primary Arthur Commercial Agent discovery, governance, observability and runtime security[106][106] Arthur website Vendor arthur-engine has 93 stars; push on 5 Nov 2026[107][107] GitHub, arthur-engine Primary Fiddler Commercial Agent observability as CrowdStrike "Falcon Observe"[108][108] CrowdStrike on Fiddler (press release) Primary CrowdStrike agreed to buy it on 3 Nov 2026 Fairlearn Open source, MIT Group fairness metrics and mitigation 2,306 stars; push on 24 Oct 2026[109][109] GitHub, Fairlearn Primary AIF360 (IBM) Open source, Apache-2.0 Fairness metrics and mitigation 2,881 stars; push on 15 Jun 2026[110][110] GitHub API, AIF360 Primary NannyML Open source Performance estimation and drift 2,161 stars; last push 12 Jul 2025[111][111] GitHub, NannyML Primary whylogs Open source Data logging and drift 2,838 stars; last push 10 Jan 2025[112][112] GitHub, whylogs Primary alibi-detect Open source Drift and outlier detection Last push 11 Dec 2025[113][113] GitHub, alibi-detect Primary Table 17. Classic ML validation and monitoring tools, with GitHub activity read in November 2026. - Arthur's homepage no longer mentions tabular models, drift or fairness outside old testimonials. It recently released "Deckard", an open-source scanner for rogue agents.[106][106] Arthur website Vendor
Two of the five open-source drift and fairness libraries have stalled
GitHub stars of open-source classic ML monitoring libraries, read November 2026. Circle area is proportional to stars; stalled projects are grey.
- Active: last push in 2026
- Stalled: last push in 2025
Circle area = GitHub stars
- Evidently AI: 8,043 (last push 29 Sep 2026)
- AIF360 (IBM): 2,881 (last push 15 Jun 2026)
- whylogs: 2,838 (last push 10 Jan 2025)
- Fairlearn: 2,306 (last push 24 Oct 2026)
- NannyML: 2,161 (last push 12 Jul 2025)
Data table
Item Group Value Note Evidently AI Active: last push in 2026 8,043 last push 29 Sep 2026 AIF360 (IBM) Active: last push in 2026 2,881 last push 15 Jun 2026 whylogs Stalled: last push in 2025 2,838 last push 10 Jan 2025 Fairlearn Active: last push in 2026 2,306 last push 24 Oct 2026 NannyML Stalled: last push in 2025 2,161 last push 12 Jul 2025 Figure 10. Stars measure attention, not use. alibi-detect (last push 11 Dec 2025) is omitted because its star count was not recorded. Source: GitHub API.[105][105] GitHub API, Evidently Primary[110][110] GitHub API, AIF360 Primary[112][112] GitHub, whylogs Primary[109][109] GitHub, Fairlearn Primary[111][111] GitHub, NannyML Primary[113][113] GitHub, alibi-detect Primary
Outside text and generation, almost nobody checks the numbers independently
Nine lessons hold across all modalities. The last one matters most: independent evaluators are scarce wherever AI leaves the screen.
Every ladder saturates, and the replacement starts the clock again. Vision "Pro" tests, GUI grounding and speech reasoning all neared their ceilings within 12–24 months.[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary[17][17] BenchLM, ScreenSpot-Pro Secondary Arenas then rank by votes, but tight ranks carry no meaning. The vision top ten spans 16 points, and the video arenas disagree on first place.[4][4] Arena, vision leaderboard Primary[6][6] Arena, text-to-video leaderboard Primary[7][7] Artificial Analysis, text-to-video leaderboard Primary
Real-world tests lag academic ones, and statistics stay thin. Deepfake detectors lose about half their AUC in the wild.[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary LIBERO scores collapse under small perturbations.[12][12] LIBERO-PRO, arXiv 2510.03827 Primary Robot papers run too few rollouts, and Artificial Analysis admits its intervals may run narrow.[76][76] The Robot Report on NVIDIA robot evaluation Secondary[48][48] Artificial Analysis, image methodology Primary Lab and aggregator numbers also disagree. MMMU-Pro differs by 3.4 points between Google's page and BenchLM for one model.[24][24] Google DeepMind, Gemini Pro page Vendor[2][2] BenchLM, MMMU-Pro Secondary
Private data and fitting checks are the best defence against gaming. The Open ASR Leaderboard adds private held-out data, cleans references, detects benchmark fitting and verifies contributor claims.[11][11] Open ASR Leaderboard, init.py (version log) Primary[51][51] Open ASR Leaderboard, app.py Primary Frozen judges need the same discipline: GenEval's judge drifted by up to 17.7% from human judgment.[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary Every judge model needs scheduled re-calibration on fresh human labels.
Robotics, GUI agents and deepfake detection have the weakest independent checks
Which evaluation building blocks exist in each modality, November 2026.
| Modality | Frontier test still separates models | Live arena or public leaderboard | Independent evaluator re-runs or rates models itself | Private or held-out data | Real-world conditions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vision-language | Partly or limited HallusionBench 60–67; most 'Pro' tests 85–93% | Yes Arena: 1.49M votes, but top ten within 16 pts | Partly or limited Arena votes and aggregators; no fixed-harness re-runs | Partly or limited OCRBench v2 private set; MMMU answers public | Partly or limited WildVision real-user prompts, dormant since 2024 |
| Frontier test still separates models: HallusionBench 60–67; most 'Pro' tests 85–93%Live arena or public leaderboard: Arena: 1.49M votes, but top ten within 16 ptsIndependent evaluator: Arena votes and aggregators; no fixed-harness re-runsPrivate or held-out data: OCRBench v2 private set; MMMU answers publicReal-world conditions: WildVision real-user prompts, dormant since 2024 | |||||
| Image and video generation | Yes GenEval 2 at 35.8%; VBench-2.0 | Yes Arena and Artificial Analysis | Yes AA pays vetted raters; verdicts split on video | Not covered in our sources | Partly or limited Curated prompts from 10 use cases |
| Frontier test still separates models: GenEval 2 at 35.8%; VBench-2.0Live arena or public leaderboard: Arena and Artificial AnalysisIndependent evaluator: AA pays vetted raters; verdicts split on videoReal-world conditions: Curated prompts from 10 use cases | |||||
| Deepfake detection | Yes Deepfake-Eval-2024 | No No standing leaderboard | Partly or limited Academic snapshots only | Not covered in our sources | Yes In-the-wild fakes from 88 sites, 52 languages |
| Frontier test still separates models: Deepfake-Eval-2024Live arena or public leaderboard: No standing leaderboardIndependent evaluator: Academic snapshots onlyReal-world conditions: In-the-wild fakes from 88 sites, 52 languages | |||||
| Speech recognition and TTS | Partly or limited Top WER about 5.3% | Yes Open ASR Leaderboard; AA Speech Arena; TTS Arena V2 | Yes Open ASR maintainers; results file gated | Yes Appen, DataoceanAI, Voice Arena sets | Partly or limited Cleaned conversational sets; accented speech |
| Frontier test still separates models: Top WER about 5.3%Live arena or public leaderboard: Open ASR Leaderboard; AA Speech Arena; TTS Arena V2Independent evaluator: Open ASR maintainers; results file gatedPrivate or held-out data: Appen, DataoceanAI, Voice Arena setsReal-world conditions: Cleaned conversational sets; accented speech | |||||
| Voice agents | Yes τ-voice; Full-Duplex-Bench-v2 | Partly or limited AA speech-to-speech index and arena | Partly or limited AA τ-Voice; vendors serve builders only | Not covered in our sources | Partly or limited Simulated noisy, accented callers |
| Frontier test still separates models: τ-voice; Full-Duplex-Bench-v2Live arena or public leaderboard: AA speech-to-speech index and arenaIndependent evaluator: AA τ-Voice; vendors serve builders onlyReal-world conditions: Simulated noisy, accented callers | |||||
| Robotics | Yes BEHAVIOR-1K winner at 12.4%; RoboLab-120 | Partly or limited RoboArena: 612 comparisons | No Almost none; RoboArena, PhAIL, Robocurve new and small | Partly or limited Labs' private task suites, not shared | Partly or limited Lab work cells; PhAIL real picking |
| Frontier test still separates models: BEHAVIOR-1K winner at 12.4%; RoboLab-120Live arena or public leaderboard: RoboArena: 612 comparisonsIndependent evaluator: Almost none; RoboArena, PhAIL, Robocurve new and smallPrivate or held-out data: Labs' private task suites, not sharedReal-world conditions: Lab work cells; PhAIL real picking | |||||
| Autonomous driving | Yes NAVSIM v2 navhard about 34–37 | Yes NAVSIM leaderboard; CARLA closed | Partly or limited NAVSIM only; no industry safety-case view | Not covered in our sources | Partly or limited Real data with pseudo-simulation |
| Frontier test still separates models: NAVSIM v2 navhard about 34–37Live arena or public leaderboard: NAVSIM leaderboard; CARLA closedIndependent evaluator: NAVSIM only; no industry safety-case viewReal-world conditions: Real data with pseudo-simulation | |||||
| GUI grounding | No ScreenSpot-Pro at 92.7% | No Aggregators only | No Lab numbers dominate | Not covered in our sources | No Static screens only |
| Frontier test still separates models: ScreenSpot-Pro at 92.7%Live arena or public leaderboard: Aggregators onlyIndependent evaluator: Lab numbers dominateReal-world conditions: Static screens only | |||||
| Classic ML | Not covered in our sources No benchmark race | No No arenas | Yes Bank model-risk teams, ValidMind | Not covered in our sources | Yes Back-testing on real outcomes |
| Frontier test still separates models: No benchmark raceLive arena or public leaderboard: No arenasIndependent evaluator: Bank model-risk teams, ValidMindReal-world conditions: Back-testing on real outcomes | |||||
What to notice
- Only generation, speech recognition and classic ML have a full mark in the independent-evaluator column.
- Robotics and GUI grounding rely on lab self-reports.
-
- Every ladder saturates within one or two generations. Vision "Pro" tests, GUI grounding and speech reasoning all neared their ceilings within 12–24 months.
- Private data and fitting checks resist gaming. The Open ASR Leaderboard adds private held-out data, cleans references, detects benchmark fitting and verifies contributor claims.[11][11] Open ASR Leaderboard, init.py (version log) Primary[51][51] Open ASR Leaderboard, app.py Primary
- Arenas disagree, and tight ranks carry no meaning. The video arenas disagree on first place; the vision top ten sits within 16 points.[4][4] Arena, vision leaderboard Primary[6][6] Arena, text-to-video leaderboard Primary[7][7] Artificial Analysis, text-to-video leaderboard Primary
- Frozen judges drift. GenEval's judge drifted by up to 17.7% from human judgment.[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary
- A new modality costs task success. On τ-voice, the same task falls from 85% in text to 26–51% in voice.[10][10] τ-voice, arXiv 2603.13686 Primary Single-turn skill tests overstate deployed conduct.
- Lab and aggregator numbers disagree. MMMU-Pro differs by 3.4 points between Google's page and BenchLM for one model.[24][24] Google DeepMind, Gemini Pro page Vendor[2][2] BenchLM, MMMU-Pro Secondary Only a re-run in a fixed harness settles it.
- Real-world tests lag academic ones. Deepfake detectors lose about half their AUC in the wild; LIBERO collapses under small perturbations.[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary[12][12] LIBERO-PRO, arXiv 2510.03827 Primary
- Statistics stay thin. Robot papers run too few rollouts, and AA admits its intervals may run narrow.[76][76] The Robot Report on NVIDIA robot evaluation Secondary[48][48] Artificial Analysis, image methodology Primary
- Independent evaluators remain scarce outside text and generation.
-
Modality Main independent evaluators Gap Vision-language Aggregators for scores; Arena for votes No fixed-harness re-runs of frontier models Generation and deepfakes Artificial Analysis; Arena; academic deepfake snapshots Two arenas give split verdicts; no maintained deepfake board ASR and TTS Open ASR Leaderboard; AA Speech Arena; TTS Arena V2 Gated results; no MOS standard Voice agents AA (τ-Voice); τ-voice authors Testing vendors offer builder-side QA only; no buyer-facing rating Robotics Almost none: RoboArena, PhAIL and Robocurve are new and small Labs self-report Driving NAVSIM leaderboard CARLA closed; no industry safety-case view GUI grounding Aggregators only Lab numbers dominate Classic ML Model-risk validation by bank MRM teams and ValidMind; no arenas SR 26-2 excludes GenAI and agents Table 18. Who checks the numbers in each modality, November 2026.
-
- No official, dated November 2026 leaderboard for Video-MME, LongVideoBench, MVBench or EgoSchema.
- No 2026 primary source for POPE scores; the field treats POPE as saturated, but we did not verify it.
- No official Anthropic or OpenAI multimodal tables for Claude Fable 5 or GPT-6.x models; only aggregator numbers.
- The 94% MMMU-Pro claim for GPT-5.4 Pro stays unverified.[33][33] af.net on GPT-5.4 Pro Single source
- No primary 2026 scores for ImageReward, PickScore, GenEval or T2I-CompBench.
- No search of 2026 watermark-robustness or voice-clone detection tests.
- The Open ASR results file requires a login, so its top WERs rest on secondary blogs.
- We could not read the TTS Arena V2 or RoboArena rankings.
- No funding data for Hamming, Cekura or Bluejay.
- Current LIBERO and CALVIN top scores not verified from primary sources.
- BEHAVIOR Challenge results and NAVSIM v2 scores read only in search snippets.
- The Veo evaluator's Pearson correlation of 0.88 rests on one secondary summary.[84][84] Moonlight review of the Veo evaluator Single source
- OCC Bulletin 2026-13 and FDIC FIL-15-2026 texts not opened.
- No 2026 market size for classic MRM tools, and no enforcement data under SR 26-2.
Sources
Every number keeps its date and source. Badges mark source quality: primary, secondary, vendor (a claim about the publisher's own product), single source, or estimate.
- [1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631. Lab report; Table 2 compares four model families. Primary arxiv.org
- [2]
- [3]
- [4]
- [5]
- [6]
- [7]
- [8]
- [9]
- [10]
- [11]
- [12]
- [13]
- [14]
- [15]
- [16]
- [17]
- [18]
- [19]
- [20]
- [21]
- [22]
- [23]
- [24]
- [25]
- [26]
- [27]
- [28]
- [29]
- [30]
- [31]
- [32]
- [33]
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- [35]
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- [37]
- [38]
- [39]
- [40]
- [41]
- [42]
- [43]
- [44]
- [45]
- [46]
- [47]
- [48]
- [49]
- [50]
- [51]
- [52]
- [53]
- [54]
- [55]
- [56]
- [57]
- [58]
- [59]
- [60]
- [61]
- [62]
- [63]
- [64]
- [65]
- [66]
- [67]
- [68]
- [69]
- [70]
- [71]
- [72]
- [73]
- [74] Robot Learning Collective on the BEHAVIOR Challenge. Snippet only. Secondary robot-learning-collective.github.io
- [75]
- [76] The Robot Report on NVIDIA robot evaluation. Reports a vendor benchmark. Secondary therobotreport.com
- [77]
- [78]
- [79]
- [80]
- [81]
- [82]
- [83]
- [84]
- [85]
- [86]
- [87]
- [88]
- [89]
- [90]
- [91]
- [92]
- [93]
- [94]
- [95]
- [96]
- [97]
- [98]
- [99]
- [100]
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- [102]
- [103]
- [104]
- [105]
- [106]
- [107]
- [108]
- [109]
- [110]
- [111]
- [112]
- [113]
All figure and table data in this chapter. Each item links to its place in the report.
Figure 1. Tests Beyond Text Fill Up in Months, Too
| Benchmark | Month | Best score |
|---|---|---|
| DocVQA | 2025-11 | 97.1% |
| ChartQA | 2025-11 | 90.3% |
| OCRBench v1 | 2025-11 | 92% |
| MathVista-mini | 2025-11 | 85.8% |
| ScreenSpot-Pro (GUI grounding) | 2025-04 | 18.9% |
| ScreenSpot-Pro (GUI grounding) | 2025-11 | 61.8% |
| ScreenSpot-Pro (GUI grounding) | 2026-11 | 92.7% |
| MMMU-Pro | 2026-11 | 85.5% |
| CharXiv reasoning | 2026-11 | 93.5% |
| Big Bench Audio | 2026-11 | 99.7% |
| Conversational Dynamics | 2026-11 | 98.9% |
| τ-voice (voice agents) | 2026-03 | 51% |
| τ-voice (voice agents) | 2026-11 | 79.9% |
| OCRBench v2 (English) (still hard) | 2025-11 | 67.1% |
| HallusionBench (still hard) | 2025-11 | 66.7% |
| ChartQAPro (at launch) (still hard) | 2025-04 | 55.8% |
| NAVSIM v2 navhard (EPDMS, approx.) (still hard) | 2026-11 | 37% |
| GenEval 2 (prompt-level) (still hard) | 2025-12 | 35.8% |
| BEHAVIOR-1K (2025 winner) (still hard) | 2025-12 | 12.4% |
Figure 2. MMMU-Pro scores move with the source that reports them
| Item | Row | MMMU-Pro score (%) | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gemini 3.1 Pro | Google's own page | 80.5 | Same model, two sources |
| Gemini 3.1 Pro | Aggregators | 83.9 | Same model, two sources |
| GPT-6.1 Terra | Aggregators | 85.5 | Aggregator top score |
| GPT-5.4 with tools | Aggregators | 89.3 | Tool-using variant |
| GPT-5.4 Pro | News claim, July 2026 | 94 | Unverified claim |
Figure 3. The top ten vision models are statistically tied
| Item | Value | Low | High | Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Claude Fable 5 (High) (1st) | 1,309 | 1302 | 1316 | Leader |
| Qwen3.8-Max (2nd) | 1,300 | 1293 | 1307 | |
| Claude Opus 4.6 (High) (joint 3rd) | 1,299 | |||
| Claude Opus 4.7 (joint 3rd) | 1,299 | |||
| Claude Opus 5.5 (High) (10th) | 1,293 | Tenth place |
Figure 4. A harder test drops the best image score from 97% to 36%
| Panel | Value |
|---|---|
| GenEval | 97% |
| GenEval 2 | 36% |
Figure 5. Open-source deepfake detectors lose about half their AUC in the wild
| Category | Value |
|---|---|
| Video (45 hours) | 50% |
| Audio (56.5 hours) | 48% |
| Images (1,975 images) | 45% |
Figure 6. The same tasks drop from 85% in text to as low as 26% in voice
| Line | Text mode | Voice mode | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clean audio, best voice agent | 85% | 51% | −34 |
| Clean audio, worst voice agent | 85% | 31% | −54 |
| Noise and accents, best voice agent | 85% | 38% | −47 |
| Noise and accents, worst voice agent | 85% | 26% | −59 |
Figure 7. In six months the speech leaderboard rebuilt its default score
| Date | Lane | Event | Kind | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-20 | Test data | Tedlium removed | other | |
| 2026-06-24 | Method and checks | H200 GPUs; English normaliser updated | release | |
| 2026-07-07 | Test data | Cleaned AMI, Gigaspeech, VoxPopuli added | release | |
| 2026-08-21 | Method and checks | 'Benchmark fitting' tab | launch | Compares noisy and cleaned VoxPopuli to expose learned spelling quirks |
| 2026-08-28 | Test data | Indian-accent English and Hindi sets | release | From Voice Arena |
| 2026-10-15 | Method and checks | OtterAI listed with verified private WER | other | |
| 2026-11-02 | Test data | LibriSpeech dropped from default average | shutdown |
Figure 8. Robot policies that ace LIBERO fail when the scene shifts
| Group | Standard LIBERO | Under small perturbations |
|---|---|---|
| LIBERO-PRO (objects, start states, instructions, scenes) | 90% | 0% |
| LIBERO-Plus (camera and start-state shifts) | 95% | 30% |
Figure 9. A tight robot result needs far more rollouts than most papers run
| Row | Category | Count |
|---|---|---|
| 70 rollouts | Typical paper | 70 |
| About 1,030 rollouts | Needed for ±2 points | 1,030 |
Figure 10. Two of the five open-source drift and fairness libraries have stalled
| Item | Group | Value | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evidently AI | Active: last push in 2026 | 8,043 | last push 29 Sep 2026 |
| AIF360 (IBM) | Active: last push in 2026 | 2,881 | last push 15 Jun 2026 |
| whylogs | Stalled: last push in 2025 | 2,838 | last push 10 Jan 2025 |
| Fairlearn | Active: last push in 2026 | 2,306 | last push 24 Oct 2026 |
| NannyML | Stalled: last push in 2025 | 2,161 | last push 12 Jul 2025 |
Figure 11. Robotics, GUI agents and deepfake detection have the weakest independent checks
| Modality | Frontier test still separates models | Live arena or public leaderboard | Independent evaluator | Private or held-out data | Real-world conditions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vision-language | Partly or limited (HallusionBench 60–67; most 'Pro' tests 85–93%) | Yes (Arena: 1.49M votes, but top ten within 16 pts) | Partly or limited (Arena votes and aggregators; no fixed-harness re-runs) | Partly or limited (OCRBench v2 private set; MMMU answers public) | Partly or limited (WildVision real-user prompts, dormant since 2024) |
| Image and video generation | Yes (GenEval 2 at 35.8%; VBench-2.0) | Yes (Arena and Artificial Analysis) | Yes (AA pays vetted raters; verdicts split on video) | Not covered in our sources | Partly or limited (Curated prompts from 10 use cases) |
| Deepfake detection | Yes (Deepfake-Eval-2024) | No (No standing leaderboard) | Partly or limited (Academic snapshots only) | Not covered in our sources | Yes (In-the-wild fakes from 88 sites, 52 languages) |
| Speech recognition and TTS | Partly or limited (Top WER about 5.3%) | Yes (Open ASR Leaderboard; AA Speech Arena; TTS Arena V2) | Yes (Open ASR maintainers; results file gated) | Yes (Appen, DataoceanAI, Voice Arena sets) | Partly or limited (Cleaned conversational sets; accented speech) |
| Voice agents | Yes (τ-voice; Full-Duplex-Bench-v2) | Partly or limited (AA speech-to-speech index and arena) | Partly or limited (AA τ-Voice; vendors serve builders only) | Not covered in our sources | Partly or limited (Simulated noisy, accented callers) |
| Robotics | Yes (BEHAVIOR-1K winner at 12.4%; RoboLab-120) | Partly or limited (RoboArena: 612 comparisons) | No (Almost none; RoboArena, PhAIL, Robocurve new and small) | Partly or limited (Labs' private task suites, not shared) | Partly or limited (Lab work cells; PhAIL real picking) |
| Autonomous driving | Yes (NAVSIM v2 navhard about 34–37) | Yes (NAVSIM leaderboard; CARLA closed) | Partly or limited (NAVSIM only; no industry safety-case view) | Not covered in our sources | Partly or limited (Real data with pseudo-simulation) |
| GUI grounding | No (ScreenSpot-Pro at 92.7%) | No (Aggregators only) | No (Lab numbers dominate) | Not covered in our sources | No (Static screens only) |
| Classic ML | Not covered in our sources (No benchmark race) | No (No arenas) | Yes (Bank model-risk teams, ValidMind) | Not covered in our sources | Yes (Back-testing on real outcomes) |
Table 1. Each modality has one number that tells its story
| Modality | Key number | Saturated, frontier and other facts | Independent check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vision-language | 16 Elo spread of Arena's vision top ten (19 Oct 2026) | Saturated: DocVQA, ChartQA, OCRBench v1, MathVista (85–97%); Frontier: HallusionBench at 60–67; Same model: 80.5% (Google) vs 83.9% (BenchLM) on MMMU-Pro | Aggregators only |
| Image and video generation | 17.7% maximum GenEval error against human judges | Saturated: GenEval; VBench v1; Frontier: GenEval 2 (35.8%), VBench-2.0; Deepfake detectors lose 45–50% AUC on real fakes | Two arenas, split verdicts |
| Speech and voice agents | 30–45% of text-mode success kept by voice agents (τ-voice) | Saturated: Big Bench Audio at 99.7%; LibriSpeech dropped from the Open ASR default; Testing vendors serve builders, not buyers | Builder-side QA only |
| Robotics and driving | >90% → 0–30% LIBERO success once objects, views or instructions shift | Frontier: BEHAVIOR-1K winner at 12.4%; CARLA Leaderboard closed; NAVSIM v2 leads; RoboArena: 612 comparisons across 7 universities | Almost no third party |
| GUI grounding | 92.7% best ScreenSpot-Pro score, up from 18.9% at launch | Tests static screens only; No state tracking or recovery; Reliability now limits GUI agents | Aggregators only |
| Classic ML (credit, fraud) | SR 26-2 replaced SR 11-7 on 17 Apr 2026; excludes GenAI and agents | Back-testing against real outcomes, no benchmark race; Agreed fairness metrics (Fairlearn, AIF360); Monitoring vendors are moving to agents | Model-risk validation |
Table 2. Image and document benchmarks with their best scores. November 2025 scores come from the Qwen3-VL report; 2026 scores come from aggregators.
| Benchmark | Measures | Top score (model, date) | Status | Flaw |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DocVQA | Questions on scanned documents | 96.5–97.1, Qwen3-VL-235B, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Saturated | Useful only as a regression check |
| ChartQA | Questions on charts | 90.3, Qwen3-VL, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Saturated | Its successor's authors call it saturated[20][20] ChartQAPro, arXiv 2504.05506 Primary |
| ChartQAPro (Apr 2025) | 1,948 questions on 1,341 harder charts[20][20] ChartQAPro, arXiv 2504.05506 Primary | 55.81%, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, at launch | Frontier | No 2026 top score found |
| OCRBench v1 | Text in images, out of 1,000 | 920, Qwen3-VL-Instruct, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Saturated | Too easy for frontier models |
| OCRBench v2 (Dec 2024) | 10,000 QA pairs in 31 scenarios, plus a private set of 1,500 images[21][21] OCRBench v2, arXiv 2501.00321 Primary | 66.8–67.1 (English), Qwen3-VL, Nov 2025 | Frontier | No 2026 board found |
| MathVista-mini | Visual maths | 85.8, Qwen3-VL-thinking, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Saturated | Near the ceiling for all four families |
| MMMU | College-level multimodal questions | 80.6–84.2 across four families, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Near ceiling | Test answers became public in Feb 2026[22][22] MMMU benchmark site Primary |
| MMMU-Pro (Sep 2024) | MMMU without text-solvable items, ten options, a vision-only setting[23][23] MMMU-Pro, arXiv 2409.02813 Primary | 85.5%, GPT-6.1 Terra, Nov 2026 (aggregator)[2][2] BenchLM, MMMU-Pro Secondary | Near ceiling | Sources disagree by several points; tool variants mix in[24][24] Google DeepMind, Gemini Pro page Vendor[25][25] Another Wrapper, MMMU-Pro with tools Secondary |
| CharXiv descriptive | Describing scientific charts | 87.8–94.4, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Saturated | Superseded by the reasoning split |
| CharXiv reasoning | Reasoning over scientific charts | 93.5%, Qwen3.8 Max and Claude Mythos 5, Nov 2026 (aggregator)[3][3] BenchLM, CharXiv Secondary | Near ceiling | Only aggregator numbers for 2026 |
| HallusionBench (2023) | Visual illusions and hallucination; 346 images, 1,129 questions[26][26] HallusionBench, arXiv 2310.14566 Primary | 60.4–66.7 across four families, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Frontier | No 2026 primary score found |
| POPE (2023) | Yes/no polling on object hallucination[27][27] POPE, arXiv 2305.10355 Primary | No 2026 primary score found | Probably saturated (unverified) | The yes/no format makes it easy |
| ERQA | Embodied reasoning from images | 28.0–65.7, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Frontier | Wide spread between model families |
Table 3. No dated 2026 leaderboard exists for these video tests, so the top scores come from November 2025 tables.
| Benchmark | Measures | Top score (model, date) | Status | Flaw |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video-MME | Video QA over six domains, 11 seconds to 1 hour[28][28] Video-MME, arXiv 2405.21075 Primary | 85.1, Gemini 2.5 Pro without subtitles, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Near ceiling | No dated 2026 board found |
| MVBench | 20 temporal tasks that one frame cannot solve[29][29] MVBench, arXiv 2311.17005 Primary | 76.5, Qwen3-VL, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Active | Converted annotations limit task variety |
| VideoMMMU | Expert-level questions on videos | 84.6, GPT-5, Nov 2025[1][1] Qwen3-VL technical report, arXiv 2511.21631 Primary | Near ceiling | No dated 2026 board found |
| LongVideoBench | 6,678 questions on 3,763 videos up to an hour long[30][30] LongVideoBench, arXiv 2407.15754 Primary | No 2026 board found | Unknown | Current top scores unconfirmed |
| EgoSchema | 5,000+ questions on 3-minute egocentric clips[31][31] EgoSchema, arXiv 2308.09126 Primary | No 2026 board found | Unknown | Current top scores unconfirmed |
Table 4. GUI grounding and computer-use scores. Both 2026 figures are aggregator numbers.
| Benchmark | Measures | Top score (model, date) | Status | Flaw |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ScreenSpot-Pro | Grounding on 1,581 high-resolution instructions | 92.7%, GPT-6 Astra, Nov 2026 (aggregator)[17][17] BenchLM, ScreenSpot-Pro Secondary | Near ceiling | "Tests static-screen grounding" only |
| OSWorld-Verified | Real desktop tasks | 85%, Claude Fable 5, five-run average (aggregator)[100][100] BenchLM, Claude Fable 5 versus Opus 4.5 Secondary | Near ceiling | We did not retrieve the system card |
Table 5. The two arenas agree on images and split on video
| Arena (open crowd) | Artificial Analysis (paid, vetted evaluators) | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Text-to-image leader | GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst, 1427±5 | GPT Image 2.5 Sunburst (max), 1225 | Same leader |
| Text-to-video leader | Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash, 1516±15 | Wan 3.0, 1172 | Different leaders |
| Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash on video | 1st | 10th (1129) | Neither source explains the gap |
| Audio in video votes | Not stated | Yes (v2.1, with audio) | |
| Board size | 718,577 video votes, 48 models (21 Sep 2026) | Not published | |
| Score anchor | None stated | Kling 3.0 1080p (Pro) = 1000 for video; FLUX.2 [dev] = 1000 for images | |
| Prompt curation | Prompts from voters | Human-curated, 10 use cases, refreshed monthly | |
| Interval caveat | Not stated | Admits intervals 'may be slightly narrow' |
Table 6. Automatic metrics and learned scorers for image, video and music generation, read November 2026.
| Benchmark | Measures | Top score (model, date) | Status | Flaw |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GenEval | Objects, counts, colours and positions in text-to-image | 96.7% human-judged, Gemini 2.5 Flash Image (single source)[37][37] alphaXiv overview of GenEval 2 Single source | Saturated[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary | Its automatic judge errs by up to 17.7% |
| GenEval 2 (Dec 2025) | More primitives and deeper composition, scored per primitive with Soft-TIFA[5][5] GenEval 2, arXiv 2512.16853 Primary | 35.8% prompt-level, best model, Dec 2025 (single source)[37][37] alphaXiv overview of GenEval 2 Single source | Frontier | New, with little outside use so far |
| T2I-CompBench++ | 8,000 prompts on binding, relations, counts and composition[38][38] T2I-CompBench++, arXiv 2307.06350 Primary | No 2026 top score found | Active | Relies on detectors and MLLM judges |
| HPSv2 and HPSv3 | Learned scorers trained on human preferences[39][39] HPSv2, arXiv 2306.09341 Primary[40][40] HPSv3, arXiv 2508.03789 Primary | Not a leaderboard | Proxy | A fixed scorer falls behind newer models |
| VBench (v1) | Surface faithfulness of video: per-frame quality, temporal consistency, basic prompt adherence[41][41] VBench-2.0, arXiv 2503.21755 Primary | Vendors self-report ranks[42][42] CreativePro on ToMoviee 2.0 (press release) Vendor | Saturated (our judgement) | Tests only surface quality |
| VBench-2.0 (Mar 2025) | Intrinsic faithfulness: physics, commonsense, control, creativity and human fidelity in 18 dimensions[41][41] VBench-2.0, arXiv 2503.21755 Primary | Vendors self-report ranks[42][42] CreativePro on ToMoviee 2.0 (press release) Vendor | Frontier; Space updated 1 Apr 2026[43][43] Hugging Face API, VBench Leaderboard Space Primary | Ranks serve as marketing |
| Fréchet Audio Distance | Distance between embeddings of generated and reference audio | Not a leaderboard | Default music metric | Sample size, embedding and reference set all bias it[44][44] Adapting FAD for music, arXiv 2311.01616 Primary |
Table 7. Board sizes and leaders as read in September to November 2026. Elo scales differ between the two providers, so compare ranks only.
| Arena | Board date and size | Leader (score, date) | Next places | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arena text-to-image | 2 Nov 2026; 6,961,993 votes; 84 models | GPT-Image-2.5 Sunburst, 1427±5[45][45] Arena, text-to-image leaderboard Primary | OpenAI holds the top five; MAI-Image-2.6 1331; Gemini Nano Banana 2.1 1325 | Open crowd |
| AA text-to-image (v2.1) | Read 5 Nov 2026 | GPT Image 2.5 Sunburst (max), 1225, Sep 2026[46][46] Artificial Analysis, text-to-image leaderboard Primary | GPT Image 2.5 Flare 1208; GPT Image 2 (high) 1188; Nano Banana 2.1 1175 | Anchor FLUX.2 [dev] = 1000; $10–211 per 1,000 images |
| Arena text-to-video | 21 Sep 2026; 718,577 votes; 48 models | Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash, 1516±15[6][6] Arena, text-to-video leaderboard Primary | gemini-omni-flash 1513; FLUX 3 Video 1493 (preliminary); Grok Imagine Video 1.5 1492 (preliminary) | Open crowd |
| AA text-to-video (v2.1, with audio) | Read 5 Nov 2026 | Wan 3.0, 1172, Aug 2026[7][7] Artificial Analysis, text-to-video leaderboard Primary | Utopai X 1169; MiniMax H3 (768p) 1160; FLUX 3 Max 1156 | Gemini Omni Flash 1.1 tenth at 1129; anchor Kling 3.0 1080p (Pro) = 1000 |
| Music Arena | Live since Jul 2025 | No ranking read | Not read | Rolling data releases[47][47] Music Arena, arXiv 2507.20900 Primary |
Table 8. Share of AUC lost on in-the-wild 2024 deepfakes compared with academic benchmarks.
| Modality | AUC lost versus academic benchmarks | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Video | 50% | Open-source state-of-the-art detectors[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary |
| Audio | 48% | Open-source state-of-the-art detectors[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary |
| Images | 45% | Open-source state-of-the-art detectors[8][8] Deepfake-Eval-2024, arXiv 2503.02857 Primary |
Table 9. Top word error rates rest on secondary sources, because the leaderboard's results file needs a login.
| System | Average WER | Source and date | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| NVIDIA Nemotron 3.5 Transcribe 30B-A4B | 5.33% | Added 28 Oct 2026 (secondary)[52][52] Apidog, open-source speech-to-text models Secondary | Ninth overall; eight closed APIs rank above it |
| Qwen3-ASR-1.7B | 5.40% | Nov 2026 (secondary)[52][52] Apidog, open-source speech-to-text models Secondary | Open model |
| Cohere Transcribe | 5.42% | Mar 2026, first at launch (secondary)[53][53] NYU Shanghai RITS on Cohere Transcribe Secondary | Open model |
| Nemotron 3.5 Transcribe on Cekura's own set | 2.28% | Vendor[54][54] Cekura website Vendor | Not comparable with the leaderboard |
Table 10. Single-turn speech tests have saturated; multi-turn voice agents remain the frontier.
| Benchmark | Measures | Top score (model, date) | Status | Flaw |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big Bench Audio | 1,000 spoken BBH reasoning questions in four categories[57][57] Big Bench Audio dataset card Primary | 99.7%, StepAudio 3 Realtime, Nov 2026[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary | Saturated | Synthetic TTS audio in 23 voices, English only |
| Conversational Dynamics (Full-Duplex-Bench subset) | Pauses, backchannels, turn-taking and interruptions[58][58] Full-Duplex-Bench, arXiv 2503.04721 Primary | 98.9%, StepAudio 3 Realtime, Nov 2026[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary | Near ceiling | Automatic metrics only |
| Full-Duplex-Bench-v2 (Oct 2025) | Streaming examiner over daily, correction, entity-tracking and safety tasks[59][59] Full-Duplex-Bench-v2, arXiv 2510.07838 Primary | No 2026 board found | Frontier | Systems "get confused when people talk at the same time" |
| τ-voice (ICML 2026) | 278 grounded tasks in retail, airline and telecom, with noisy, accented simulated callers[10][10] τ-voice, arXiv 2603.13686 Primary[60][60] ICML 2026 poster for τ-voice Primary | 79.9%, Phonic 1 (High), Nov 2026, AA harness[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary | Frontier | AA's harness may differ from the paper's |
| VoiceBench (Oct 2024) | Spoken instructions across speakers, environments and content[61][61] VoiceBench, arXiv 2410.17196 Primary | Leaderboard news stops in Dec 2024[62][62] VoiceBench on GitHub Primary | Dormant board | A gpt-4o-mini judge grades open-ended items |
| Time to first audio | Latency | 0.04 s, Raon SpeechChat, Nov 2026[9][9] Artificial Analysis, speech-to-speech Primary | Metric | Says nothing about quality |
Table 11. Every figure in this table is a vendor claim. Nobody has audited them.
| Vendor | Method | Metrics | Claims |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coval | Simulate, observe and review; human QA on high-stakes calls feeds the evals[63][63] Coval website Vendor | Timing, turn-taking, interruptions, audio issues, tool calls, caller emotion | 3.1M metrics run weekly; customers include Chime, Perplexity and ServiceNow; $28M Series A[64][64] The Next Web on Coval's Series A Secondary |
| Hamming | Simulated callers with accents, noise, DTMF and IVR trees; red-teaming; production monitoring[65][65] Hamming website Vendor | 50+ built-in metrics; OpenTelemetry export | 95%+ agreement with human evaluators; 50K+ concurrent calls; 65+ languages |
| Cekura (YC) | Simulation, drift monitoring, cross-platform benchmarks, red-teaming, deploy gates[54][54] Cekura website Vendor | pass^3, P5–P95 turn latency, interruption score, hallucination rate, compliance checks | Retell 96.6% pass^3; ElevenLabs 1.73 s median turn latency |
| Bluejay (YC, 2025) | Simulated voice and chat, call replay, A/B tests, load tests[66][66] Bluejay website Vendor | Tone, accuracy, conversion; public MISTT STT benchmark | Google case study with 648 hours saved per month |
| Cyara | Carrier-to-agent journey tests, load tests, outside-in monitoring[67][67] Cyara website Vendor | Policy scores with turn-level evidence | "EU AI Act conformity check"; Vodafone, Blue Shield of California, TD Bank |
Table 12. Simulation benchmarks for robot manipulation and household tasks, read November 2026.
| Benchmark | Measures | Top score (model, date) | Status | Flaw |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LIBERO (2023) | 130 lifelong-learning manipulation tasks in four suites[68][68] LIBERO, arXiv 2306.03310 Primary | Above 90%, several VLAs, 2025[12][12] LIBERO-PRO, arXiv 2510.03827 Primary | Saturated | Scores collapse under small perturbations[12][12] LIBERO-PRO, arXiv 2510.03827 Primary[13][13] LIBERO-Plus, arXiv 2510.13626 Primary |
| CALVIN (2021) | Long-horizon, language-conditioned manipulation[69][69] CALVIN, arXiv 2112.03227 Primary | Not verified | Active | Current top scores unconfirmed |
| RoboCasa (2024) | 100 kitchen tasks with generated assets[70][70] RoboCasa, arXiv 2406.02523 Primary | Not verified | Active | Current top scores unconfirmed |
| ManiSkill3 (2024) | GPU-parallel simulation at 30,000+ FPS in 12 domains[71][71] ManiSkill3, arXiv 2410.00425 Primary | Not a leaderboard | Infrastructure | Speed does not prove realism |
| Habitat 3.0 (2023) | Social navigation and rearrangement with humanoid avatars[72][72] Habitat 3.0, arXiv 2310.13724 Primary | Not verified | Active | Current top scores unconfirmed |
| BEHAVIOR-1K (2024) | 1,000 everyday activities in 50 scenes[73][73] BEHAVIOR-1K, arXiv 2403.09227 Primary | 12.4% success, Q-score 0.260, NeurIPS 2025 winner (provisional)[74][74] Robot Learning Collective on the BEHAVIOR Challenge Secondary[75][75] BEHAVIOR Challenge 2025 leaderboard Primary | Frontier | We read only search snippets of the results |
| RoboLab-120 (NVIDIA, Jul 2026) | Graded subtasks, smoothness and robustness tests[76][76] The Robot Report on NVIDIA robot evaluation Secondary | No policy chained more than four complex subtasks | Frontier | Vendor benchmark |
Table 13. Independent real-robot evaluation efforts, 2023 to 2026. All of them are new or small.
| Effort | Who runs it | Method | Scale and status |
|---|---|---|---|
| RoboArena (CoRL 2025) | Academic network | Distributed, double-blind pairwise tests on DROID robots; evaluators pick tasks | 7 policies, 7 universities, 612 comparisons, 4,284 episodes[86][86] RoboArena, arXiv 2506.18123 Primary |
| AutoEval (2025) | Academic | Queue-based tests around the clock, automatic success detection and resets | Public BridgeData and WidowX scenes[87][87] AutoEval, arXiv 2503.24278 Primary |
| RobotArena ∞ (Oct 2025) | Academic | Digital twins from robot videos; VLM scoring plus crowd preference | Research release[88][88] RobotArena ∞, arXiv 2510.23571 Primary |
| Open X-Embodiment (2023) | 21 institutions | Cross-lab tests of RT-X on 22 robots | Template for multi-site tests[89][89] Open X-Embodiment, arXiv 2310.08864 Primary |
| PhAIL (31 Mar 2026) | Positronic Robotics with Nebius and Toloka | Real bin-to-bin picking, scored by units per hour and mean time between failures | Repeated runs with telemetry; a gap to human operators remains[90][90] Robotics & Automation News on PhAIL Secondary |
| Robocurve (YC S26) | Three-person start-up | Reproducible real-robot benchmarks as a service | Open-source "Inspect Robots" v1 (single source)[91][91] Y Combinator, Robocurve profile Vendor[92][92] startuphub.ai on Robocurve Single source |
Table 14. Driving evaluation moved from open-loop metrics to closed-loop simulation, and then to pseudo-simulation on real data.
| Benchmark | Measures | Top score (model, date) | Status | Flaw |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nuScenes open-loop planning | L2 error and collisions against logged paths | Not meaningful | Discredited | Ego-status baselines without perception compete[95][95] Ego status in open-loop driving, arXiv 2312.03031 Primary |
| CARLA Leaderboard 2.x | Closed-loop route driving in simulation | Not available | Permanently closed[14][14] CARLA Autonomous Driving Leaderboard Primary | Version 2.1 made scores non-comparable with 2.0 |
| Bench2Drive (2024) | Closed-loop multi-ability tests in CARLA[96][96] Bench2Drive, arXiv 2406.03877 Primary | Not verified | Active | Depends on CARLA |
| NAVSIM v1 (2024) | Non-reactive simulation on real data over short horizons[97][97] NAVSIM, arXiv 2406.15349 Primary | Not verified | Superseded by v2 | Short horizons only |
| NAVSIM v2 (Jun 2025) | Pseudo-simulation with Gaussian-splatting future views[15][15] NAVSIM v2 pseudo-simulation, arXiv 2506.04218 Primary | EPDMS about 87.5 on navtest, against a human level of 90.3; 34–37 on navhard (snippets)[98][98] IDOL, arXiv 2605.31476 Primary[99][99] RAP, arXiv 2510.04333 Primary | Main public benchmark | Older "EPDMS*" numbers predate a leaderboard fix |
Table 15. Classic validation rests on ground truth that agents mostly lack
| Classic ML (credit, fraud, pricing) | Generative and agentic AI | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground-truth outcome for back-testing | Yes | Partly | Default or fraud outcomes exist; agents mostly lack one |
| Agreed fairness metrics | Yes | No | Demographic parity and equalised odds for tabular models |
| Drift scope | Input and prediction distributions | Also model-version and tool changes | |
| US supervisory guidance | SR 26-2 (Apr 2026) | No | Footnote 3 excludes generative and agentic AI |
| Public arenas or leaderboards | No | Yes | |
| Validation vocabulary | Conceptual soundness, effective challenge, outcomes analysis, vendor validation | Partly | The same terms transfer well to agent evaluation |
Table 16. The four validation components that SR 26-2 asks banks to cover.
| Component | What it checks |
|---|---|
| Conceptual soundness | Design, assumptions, data selection and developmental testing; interpretability or benchmarking where theory review fits poorly |
| Outcomes analysis | Outputs against real outcomes, for example through back-testing and outlier analysis |
| Ongoing monitoring | Performance as products, exposures, clients, data relevance or markets change |
| Vendor models | The same checks for bought models: soundness, design, development data, performance and monitoring |
Table 17. Classic ML validation and monitoring tools, with GitHub activity read in November 2026.
| Tool | Type | Focus in Nov 2026 | Activity |
|---|---|---|---|
| ValidMind | Commercial MRM platform | Maps SR 26-2 to inventory, tiering, tests, monitoring, documentation and three lines of defence[103][103] ValidMind, SR 26-2 use case Vendor | Recommends MRM principles for GenAI anyway |
| Evidently AI | Open source, Apache-2.0 | Drift, data quality and performance; now also LLM and agent evals with 100+ metrics[104][104] Evidently AI website Vendor | 8,043 stars; push on 29 Sep 2026[105][105] GitHub API, Evidently Primary |
| Arthur | Commercial | Agent discovery, governance, observability and runtime security[106][106] Arthur website Vendor | arthur-engine has 93 stars; push on 5 Nov 2026[107][107] GitHub, arthur-engine Primary |
| Fiddler | Commercial | Agent observability as CrowdStrike "Falcon Observe"[108][108] CrowdStrike on Fiddler (press release) Primary | CrowdStrike agreed to buy it on 3 Nov 2026 |
| Fairlearn | Open source, MIT | Group fairness metrics and mitigation | 2,306 stars; push on 24 Oct 2026[109][109] GitHub, Fairlearn Primary |
| AIF360 (IBM) | Open source, Apache-2.0 | Fairness metrics and mitigation | 2,881 stars; push on 15 Jun 2026[110][110] GitHub API, AIF360 Primary |
| NannyML | Open source | Performance estimation and drift | 2,161 stars; last push 12 Jul 2025[111][111] GitHub, NannyML Primary |
| whylogs | Open source | Data logging and drift | 2,838 stars; last push 10 Jan 2025[112][112] GitHub, whylogs Primary |
| alibi-detect | Open source | Drift and outlier detection | Last push 11 Dec 2025[113][113] GitHub, alibi-detect Primary |
Table 18. Who checks the numbers in each modality, November 2026.
| Modality | Main independent evaluators | Gap |
|---|---|---|
| Vision-language | Aggregators for scores; Arena for votes | No fixed-harness re-runs of frontier models |
| Generation and deepfakes | Artificial Analysis; Arena; academic deepfake snapshots | Two arenas give split verdicts; no maintained deepfake board |
| ASR and TTS | Open ASR Leaderboard; AA Speech Arena; TTS Arena V2 | Gated results; no MOS standard |
| Voice agents | AA (τ-Voice); τ-voice authors | Testing vendors offer builder-side QA only; no buyer-facing rating |
| Robotics | Almost none: RoboArena, PhAIL and Robocurve are new and small | Labs self-report |
| Driving | NAVSIM leaderboard | CARLA closed; no industry safety-case view |
| GUI grounding | Aggregators only | Lab numbers dominate |
| Classic ML | Model-risk validation by bank MRM teams and ValidMind; no arenas | SR 26-2 excludes GenAI and agents |
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